Accordingly, modeling tools are useful for predicting the spread of contamination in the environment following a widespread contamination incident, whether it be accidental or manmade. Because environmental cleanup efforts can take months to years, precipitation would likely mobilize 137Cs and transport it beyond its initial fallout deposition. Department of Health and Human Services), which could contaminate a wide urban area with 137Cs. Of recent concern has also been the potential detonation of radiological dispersal devices, or ‘dirty bombs’, and improvised nuclear devices ( U.S. 137Cs poses a risk to human health as a high-energy gamma emitter, and it can quickly spread throughout surface and subsurface environments ( Cornell 1993 Evrard et al. Radionuclides have been widely dispersed in the environment following nuclear weapons testing and reactor accidents, and Cesium-137 ( 137Cs) is a particularly persistent contaminant, with a half-life of approximately 30 years.
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